Loose-leaf binder.



PATENTED JULY 14, 1903.

W. SAUNDERS. LOOSE LEAP BINDER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 10, 1901.

N0 MODEL.

v NM R N a m TN: uanms wzYERs co. PNOTD-LITHCL. wnsnmm'cu n c UNTTED STATES Patented July 14, 1903.

\VILLIAH SAUNDERS, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

LOOSE-LEAF BINDER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 733,599, dated July 14, 1903.

Application filed September 10, 1901 Serial No. 74,980. (No modeln To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAu SAUNDERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at 1505 Brush street, Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Loose-Leaf Binders; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of said invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it most nearly appertains to make, use,and practice the same.

This invention relates to improvements in loose-leaf binders, and particularly to loose-leaf ledgers.

The object of this invention is to produce a simple, cheap, and efficient binding easily manipulated and neat in appearance.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an isometrical plan of the open backs and binding, the leaves of the book being omitted. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the complete book in closed position. Fig. l is an end elevation of the hardware used in the construction of the binder minus the leaves and backs. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the independent binding-bar. Fig. 6 is an isometrical perspective of the binding-post used in the type of expansive binding, showing method of attachment to backs.

In the description with reference to the drawings the letter A will be used to designate the side bindingposts; B, the base therefor, attached to the back 0; D, the bindingbar, secured to the back O; E, the independent binding-bar.

In construction the invention consists of the back O, to which the stiff sides O are hinged. Between the hinges of the sides and the semiflexible back anarrow strip of metal 0 and O is inserted under the leather of the back adjacent to the hinges of the sides. Screwed or riveted to the strip O on the one side is the binding-strip B, to which are secured the binding-posts A, permanently (see Fig. 1) or detachably. (See Fig. 6.) The posts A consist of upright members, corresponding in width to B, in connection with which they encircle the leaves of the book on three sides. The leaves are notched halfround on each side near the head or binding end to coincide with and engage the halfrounds A, secured to the inside of the posts A. This holds the leaves in positive alinement with each other and the binding. EX- tending between the posts is the independent binding-bar E, consisting of a strip of metal notched half-round at each end to engage the half-rounds A, with which it is locked by the fixed pin E, and the latch-pin E engaging coincident perforations A in the bindingposts. In this manner the leaves are securely bound together and attached to the back C.

Secured to the strip C is the binding-strip D. YVhen the book is closed, (see Fig. 3,) this strip 1) lies over the bar E, the perforations D engaging the pins A swivels D engaging the slot A in the offset extensions A of the binding-posts in such a manner that when the swivels D are turned partially around a completely-bound volume is formed with the same general appearance and characteristics as any permanently-bound volume.

It is obvious that the independent bindingbar E may be dispensed with, it beingmore of a convenience than a necessity in the binding and removing of leaves.

Operation: The book is loaded to capacity with blank leaves. As each is filled it is removed and substituted by a blank. In this manner the book always contains its given number. To remove a leaf from the body of the book, the swivel-locks D are released, the side and back thrown back, (see Fig. 2,) the pin E released, and the bar E removed. The leaves lying on top of the one to be removed can be rolled back upon themselves from the top and the leaf withdrawn. In this manner the leaves are disengaged from one bindingpost only and the alinement preserved.

lVhen it is desired to convert this into an expansive binder,the back O can be made telescoping or dispensed with entirely and the posts A can be provided in varying heights, attachable to B, as shown in Fig. 6, the extension A of the binding-post engaging the socket B on the binding-strip B. Thus abook may be started with, say, two hundred and fifty leaves, the height of the posts A being increased as the pages increase, any discrepancy being filled with dummies to preserve the requisite pressure.

Inasmuch as no tools are required in the manipulation of this binder, rapid changes may be made by unskilled persons, which renders IOO it particularly adapted to ledgers, price-lists, catalogues, &c.

Having thus described this invention, What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1 1. Inaloose-leaf binder, the combination with the sides or covers of the bind er, of binding-posts located on one of said'sides or covers outside the edges of the leaves and adapted to take into notches in the edges of the leaves, and lateral extensions having slots extending inwardly from their edges, of swiveled fasteners on the other cover or side adapted for reception in the slots aforesaid and to lock with the extensions.

2. In a loose-leaf binder, the combination with the sides or covers of the binder, of plates secured to the respective covers and extend In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 3 my hand this 26th day of August, 1001.

XVILLIAM SAUNDERS lVitnesses:

I. L. SCHMITT, JAMES MAsoN. 

